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Portuguese colonization of the Americas
Portugal was the leading country in the European exploration of the world in the 15th century. The Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494 divided the Earth outside Europe into Castilian and Portuguese global territorial hemispheres for exclusive conquest and colonization. Portugal colonized parts of South America (mostly Brazil), but also made some unsuccessful attempts to colonize North America in present day Canada.
==Settlements in North America==
Based on the Treaty of Tordesillas, the Portuguese Crown claimed it had territorial rights in the area visited by John Cabot in 1497 and 1498. To that end, in 1499 and 1500, the Portuguese mariner João Fernandes Lavrador visited the northeast Atlantic coast and Greenland, which accounts for the appearance of "Labrador" on topographical maps of the period. Subsequently, in 1501 and 1502 the Corte-Real brothers explored and charted Greenland and what is today the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador, claiming these lands as part of the Portuguese Empire. Fragmentary evidence also suggests a previous expedition in 1473 by João Vaz Corte-Real, their father, with other Europeans, to ''Terra Nova do Bacalhau'' (''New Land of the Codfish'') in North America. The possible voyage of 1473 and several other possible earlier pre-Columbian expeditions throughout the 15th century and before 1473, ordered from the Azores and Continental Portugal, to the area of North America, remain as matters of great controversy for scholars, and based in brief, often unclear as its precise destinations, or fragmentary, historical documents. In 1506, King Manuel I of Portugal created taxes for the cod fisheries in Newfoundland waters. João Álvares Fagundes and Pêro de Barcelos established fishing outposts in Newfoundland and Nova Scotia around 1521; however, these were later abandoned, with the Portuguese colonizers focusing their efforts on South America. Although the Portuguese-founded town of Portugal Cove-St. Philip's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada remains important as a cultural center, nowadays.〔http://pcsp.ca/?Content=Visiting/About_Our_Town/History〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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